Carbon Capture Tech: Reducing Emissions Worldwide

Carbon Capture Tech: Reducing Emissions Worldwide

Carbon capture technology is a key way to cut down on emissions that harm our planet. It has gotten a big boost from investments and laws, like the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act in the U.S. These laws help make and use Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration (CCUS) technology.

Right now, it captures less than 1% of global emissions. But, by 2030, it could capture about a billion metric tons of CO2. By 2050, that number could go up to several billion. This shows how crucial it is for fighting climate change.

The upcoming UN climate summit (COP28) in Dubai will focus on carbon capture tech. This is especially important for the UAE, which plans to use CCUS in its oil and gas sector.

Understanding Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration (CCUS)

CCUS is a technology that helps reduce carbon dioxide emissions from big sources like power plants. It captures CO2 before it gets into the air, helping to cut down on greenhouse gases. The captured carbon can be stored underground or used in making concrete.

What is CCUS?

CCUS is about capturing and storing CO2 emissions. Its main goal is to stop CO2 from entering the atmosphere, fighting climate change. Currently, CCUS captures around 0.1% of global emissions each year.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) says CCUS could capture up to 1 billion metric tons of CO2 by 2030. This number could grow to many billions by 2050.

CCUS vs. Carbon Removal

CCUS and carbon removal both aim to reduce greenhouse gases, but in different ways. Carbon removal pulls CO2 from the air, like through reforestation. CCUS captures CO2 at the source, before it’s released.

CCUS is key for making sectors like steel and cement cleaner. These areas are hard to clean up with other methods.

Challenges and Opportunities in CCUS

CCUS has big challenges, like high costs and tech uncertainties. There’s also worry about CO2 leaks from storage sites. But, CCUS offers big chances to cut emissions in tough sectors.

There are over 40 CCUS projects worldwide, capturing about 45 million metric tons of CO2. More than 300 projects are in planning. By 2050, CCUS could help cut 5 gigatons of CO2 emissions.

CCUS is getting more support because of stronger climate goals. The U.S. leads in CCUS projects, showing its commitment to this technology.

How carbon capture technology is reducing emissions

Carbon capture technology is key in fighting climate change. It captures, uses, and stores CO2 from industrial sources. The Global CCS Institute’s 2022 report shows a big jump, with 194 large-scale facilities by the end of 2022, up from 51 in 2019. With 61 new projects planned, we’re looking at big cuts in emissions.

Current Impact and Future Projections

Today, 30 CCS projects are up and running, 11 are being built, and many more are in development. The CO2 capture capacity has grown to 244 million tonnes per year, a 44% jump in just one year. This growth shows CCS’s big role in cutting emissions. For example, Texas’s natural gas plants have stored over 200 million tons of CO2, showing CCS’s power. But, we need more to meet the Paris Agreement goals.

Government Support and Legislation

In the U.S., strong laws have helped CCS grow. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 made CCS projects more affordable. The FUTURE Act of 2018 also helped by expanding tax credits. These laws are key because CCS can cost between CAD 27–48/tCO2 to CAD 50–150/tCO2, and needs government help.

Global Deployment and Skepticism

Across the globe, the Americas lead with 94 CCS facilities, followed by Europe with 73, Asia-Pacific with 21, and the Middle East with six. Yet, CCS is met with doubt because of its high costs and slow growth. There are also big challenges like safe CO2 storage and building more infrastructure. Critics say these issues make hitting global emissions targets hard to reach.

Scott Owens